Chapter 1-9 Media Index

Chapter 1-12 Media

Graphics:

Chapter 1: Information Technology Basics

1.1.1	Pictures of Common Computer Hardware Microsoft Word Microsoft Excel Microsoft PowerPoint
1.1.2	Mainframe Computer Personal Computer A Typical GUI
1.1.3	Stand-alone Computers Connecting Computer Systems
1.1.4	Internet Timeline The Exponential Growth of the Internet
1.1.5	IBM Legacy PC Modern PC Internet Revolution Internet versus Other Technology
1.2.1	General Purpose PC Monitor On/Off Switches Shutting Down a Computer
1.2.2	Windows Desktop Environment Windows Start Menus
1.2.3	Opening Windows Explorer in Windows 2000 Opening Windows Explorer in Windows 98 Moving an Icon Arranging Icons Moving Icons Renaming an Icon (6-7)
1.2.4	Features of a Typical Windows Application Menu Bar Moving an Application Window
1.2.5	Resized WordPad Double-Headed Arrows Cursors
1.2.6	Switching Between Windows
1.3.1	Nested Menu Display System Information (2-7)
1.3.2	Setting the Clock and Date (1-4)
1.3.3	Minimize, Maximize, and Exit Buttons Minimize, Restore, and Exit Buttons
1.3.4	Opening Display Properties Window Display Properties - Background Display Properties - Screen Saver Display Properties - Appearance Display Properties - Effects Display Properties - Web Display Properties - Setting
1.3.5	Changing Color Settings (1-3)
1.3.6	Adjusting Volume Controls
1.3.7	Start Menu Options Run Windows Help (3-5)
1.3.8	Recycle Bin
1.4.1	Microsoft Word 2000
1.4.2	Microsoft Excel 2000
1.4.3	Microsoft Access 2000
1.4.4	Vector versus Bitmap Adobe Photoshop Adobe Illustrator
1.4.5	Microsoft PowerPoint 2000
1.4.6	Netscape Navigator 6.2 Internet Explorer 6.0 Netscape Navigator Internet Explorer
1.5.1	Measurement-Related Terminology
1.5.2	Analog Signals Digital Signals
1.5.3	Boolean Logic Gates: AND and OR Boolean Logic Gate: NOR Boolean Logic Gate: NOT Truth Tables
1.5.4	Decimal Number System Binary Number System
1.5.5	Binary Number System Decimal to Binary Conversion
1.5.6	Hexadecimal Number System
1.5.7	Binary and Hexadecimal Conversion
1.5.8	Hexadecimal to Binary Conversion
1.5.9	Decimal, Binary, and Hexadecimal Numbers
1.5.10	No Graphic
1.6.1	Lab Safety Guidelines AC Outlet Multimeter
1.6.2	A Typical Workbench
1.6.3	Wrist Strap
1.6.4	Technician's Toolset
1.6.5	Air Can
1.6.6	High-Voltage Tester
1.6.7	Lab Safety Agreement

Chapter 2: How Computers Work

2.1.1	Input, Process, Output and Storage Input Device Data Processing An Output Device
2.2.1	Boot Screen
2.2.2	Bootstrap Loading
2.2.3	Generic Cold Boot Sequence
2.3.1	Desktop Model Tower Models Typical Parts of a Computer Case Choosing a Computer Case External View of a Typical Power Supply Typical Components of a Power Supply Selecting Appropriate Power Supply
2.3.2	ATX Motherboard Distinguishing Features Features of ATX Motherboards Motherboard Form Factors Single Processor Motherboard PC Motherboard Chipset Manufacturers Common Motherboard Components
2.3.3	CPU Socket Types Slot Type Processors
2.3.4	BIOS ROM Functions
2.3.5	Expansion Slot Types Expansion Slots Microprocessor Control Signals
2.3.6	72-pin SIMM Module 168-pin DIMM Module RAM Types, Usage and Capabilities
2.3.7	The Monitor Summary of Monitor Characteristics by Type Monitor Degrees of Color Depth Video Cards
2.3.8	9-pin Male Serial Connector DB-25 Female Parallel Port DB-25 Male Parallel Port PS/2 Keyboard and Mouse Ports USB Port/Connector FireWire 6-pin Cable and Connector
2.3.9	SCSI Interface/Controller Internal and External Daisy Chain
2.3.10	Floppy Drives
2.3.11	Typical Hard Disk Drive Hard Drive Components Hard Disk Platters
2.3.12	CD Drive Types and What They Can Do CD-ROM Speed Ratings Other Specifications
2.3.13	Typical NIC (Network Interface Card) RJ-45 Plug
2.4.1	Typical Notebook Computer
2.4.2	Ni-Cad Batteries Batteries Used in Portable Devices
2.4.3	Desktop LCD Monitor
2.4.4	Docking Station
2.5.1	How the CPU Processes Data
2.5.2	Common IRQ Default Assignments
2.5.3	Common DMA Default Channel Assignments
2.5.4	I/O Address Assignments

Chapter 3: Assembling a Computer

3.1.1	Overview of General Safety Issues
3.1.2	ESD Precautions
3.1.3	Inside of a PC
3.2.1	Sample Software Inventory Form
3.2.2	Inventory Checklist
3.3.1	Choosing a Computer Case
3.3.2	Desktop Computer Case
3.3.3	Mid-Tower Mini-Tower Full-Size Tower
3.3.4	A Computer Power Supply Selecting a Computer Power Supply DC Voltages Produced By PC Power Supplies
3.4.1	Motherboard Location Map
3.4.2	Configuring the Processor
3.4.3	Motherboard Jumpers (1-2)
3.4.4	Slot-1 Processor Socket 7 Installing the CPU
3.4.5	Installing the Heat Sink
3.4.6	Types of Memory Modules Memory Banks
3.5.1	Installing the Motherboard
3.5.2	LEDs
3.5.3	Power Supply Cables
3.6.1	Floppy Drives
3.6.2	Master/Slave Jumper Settings
3.6.3	Pin-1 Ribbon Cable Identification Hard Drive Ribbon Cable
3.6.4	Power Connector Pin-Outs
3.7.1	Video Card
3.8.1	Post-Assembly Checklist
3.8.2	Connecting Input and Output Devices
3.9.1	BIOS Setup
3.9.2	BIOS Main Menu
3.9.3	Standard CMOS Setup Screen
3.9.4	BIOS Features Setup Screen Boot Sequence Configuration Options Chipset Features Setup Screen
3.9.5	Power Management Setup Screen PnP/PCI Configuration Screen
3.9.6	Integrated Peripherals Configuration Screen
3.9.7	AMIBIOS Security Options
3.9.8	AMBIOS Exit Options
3.9.9	POST Hardware Diagnostic Message Groups Troubleshooting Initial Boot Problems

Chapter 4: Operating System Fundamentals

4.1.1	Network Server Network Server Environment
4.1.2	OS Functions (1-2)
4.1.3	A Graphical User Interface (GUI) Mac Environment Linux Server
4.2.1	Disk Operating System (DOS)
4.2.2	DOS Directory Tree
4.2.3	Common DOS Commands
4.2.4	Contents of a DOS Boot Disk
4.2.5	Booting the System with a DOS Disk
4.2.6	Bootup Process
4.2.7	Accessing Configuration Files in Windows
4.3.1	Physical Memory Allocation Conventional Memory The Upper Memory Area The Extended Memory Area The High Memory Area
4.3.2	Adding MS-DOS TSR Utilities Adding MS-DOS to EMS Memory
4.3.3	Virtual Memory Controlling Windows 95 Virtual Memory Controlling Windows Virtual Memory
4.3.4	General Protection Fault (GPF)
4.3.5	Real versus Protected Mode Memory

Chapter 5: Windows 9x Operating Systems

5.1.1	Folders on the C: Error Message for Invalid File Name Drive Letter Designation
5.1.2	Windows Explorer Windows Explorer Menu Windows Explorer Window Components Windows Explorer Window Title Bar Icon Displaying File and Folder Details in Explorer The Plus Sign Clicking on the Plus Sign Creating a New Folder in Windows Renaming a Folder
5.1.3	Car Wash Steps.doc - Document in WordPad Saving the Document Saving the Document Continued Saving as a Rich Text Format (RTF) Car Wash Steps Document Viewing Folder Contents Moving a Desktop Item into a Folder Moving a Windows Explorer Item Verifying the Car Wash Steps Document
5.1.4	Copy or Create Shortcuts
5.1.5	Viewing File Attributes
5.1.6	Common File Extensions and Applications
5.1.7	Copying a File to Another Location Paste a File
5.1.8	Searching for Files or Folders Enter a Unique Part of the Name "Wash" Results From Search
5.1.9	Sending a File to a Floppy Diskette
5.1.10	Recycle Bin (full) Right Click to "Empty" Recycle Bin Double Clicking on the Recycle Bin Alternate Way to Restore a Deleted File Restoring a File (5-6) Right Click on the File to See Properties
5.2.1	General Tab Device Manager Tab Hardware Profiles Tab Performance Tab
5.2.2	WordPad Document File Menu Print Options Adding a Printer Accessing the Print Manager Accessing Current Print Jobs Print Options Print Error Error Message Canceling Printing Deleting the Document
5.2.3	Add/Remove Programs
5.2.4	Add/Remove Hardware Wizard
5.2.5	Display Utility Sounds Utility
5.3.1	Typical Windows 98 Registry Files
5.3.2	Regedit.exe
5.3.3	MSConfig.exe
5.3.4	Wscript.exe Hwinfo.exe
5.4.1	Primary and Extended DOS Partition
5.4.2	Tracks, Sectors and Cylinder
5.5.1	Windows OS Release Timeline
5.5.2	The Requirements for Installing Windows 98
5.5.3	Selecting the Directory to Install Windows 98 Windows 98 Setup Options Start Copying Windows 98 Files
5.5.4	Windows 98 Setup Options
5.5.5	No Graphic
5.6.1	Safe Mode Scandisk Defrag
5.6.2	Common Windows 98 Setup Errors
5.6.3	General Tab Device Manager Hardware Profiles Tab Performance Tab
5.6.4	Add New Hardware Wizard (1-3)
5.6.5	Creating a Startup Disk (1-2) Accessing the Control Panel Creating a Startup Disk (4-5)
5.6.6	Uninstalling Windows 98

Chapter 6: Multimedia Capabilities

6.1.1	Picture Sound Movie
6.1.2	Video Cards
6.1.3	Bit-Depth Dot-Pitch
6.1.4	External Computer Speakers
6.1.5	Data Compression Standards
6.1.6	MPEG Hardware versus Software
6.2.1	Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) Interface
6.2.2	Analog to Digital Conversion Example
6.2.3	Installing Video Driver
6.2.4	Resolution Increase
6.2.5	Video Card
6.3.1	Sound Cards Sample Rate
6.3.2	USB Port PCI Sound Card Built-In Sound
6.3.3	Removing Outdated Sound Cards
6.3.4	Sound Cards
6.3.5	Configuring Sound Card Connection
6.3.6	Device Manger Device Manager Driver Tab Driver File Details
6.3.7	MIDI and External-Audio Source Connection
6.4.1	Overview of CD-RW & DVD
6.4.2	Recording CDs with CD-R and CD-RW
6.4.3	No Graphic
6.4.4	DVD-ROM
6.4.5	DVD Writer
6.4.6	CD Recording Formats
6.4.7	DVD Layering and Formats DVD Characteristics
6.5.1	Digitized Video
6.5.2	No Graphic

Chapter 7: Windows NT/2000/XP Operating Systems

7.1.1	FAT 16 Partition Cluster Sizes FAT 32 Partition Cluster Sizes Utilization of Disk Space NTFS High Performance File System (HPFS)
7.1.2	Permissions (1-2) Compression and Encryption
7.1.3	Windows 2000 Boot Process
7.1.4	No Graphic
7.2.1	Disk Management Screen Basic Disks Setting a Local Security Policy
7.2.2	Registry Editor A Windows Registry Subtree HKEY_USERS HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT HKEY_CURRENT_USER HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
7.2.3	Boot into Safe Mode
7.2.4	Backup Program Insert Blank Floppy Disk
7.3.1	Windows 2000 fdisk Adding a Computer to a Workgroup/Domain
7.4.1	Requirements for Installing Window 2000
7.4.2	The Setup Program The Setup Wizard Installing Windows Networking Completing the Setup Program
7.4.3	Window 2000 Setup Options
7.5.1	No Graphic
7.5.2	Replacing Windows 9x with Windows 2000
7.5.3	Dual Boot Options

Chapter 8: Networking Fundamentals

8.1.1	A Computer Network OSI Model
8.1.2	File, Print, and Application Services Network Print Services
8.1.3	Mail Services
8.1.4	Network Device Mappings Network Naming
8.1.5	Pipe Analogy for Bandwidth Highway Analogy for Bandwidth Worldwide Network
8.1.6	Network Administrator Responsibilities
8.1.7	Simplex Transmission Half-Duplex Transmission Full-Duplex Transmission
8.2.1	Peer-to-Peer Networks
8.2.2	Client/Server Networks
8.2.3	Local Area Networks Physical Topologies
8.2.4	Wide Area Network Wide Area Network Overview Serial Transmission
8.2.5	Circuit-Switched Networks Packet-Switched Networks
8.3.1	Network Interface Card NIC Components
8.3.2	The TCP/IP Properties Dialog Box
8.3.3	Simple DHCP Operation (1-3)
8.3.4	Default Gateway
8.3.5	Domain Name System Functions
8.4.1	Bus Topology Star Topology Extended Star Topology Ring Topology Dual Ring Topology Mesh Topology
8.4.2	Physical Topologies
8.4.3	Coaxial Cable STP UTP UTP Category Rating Fiber Optic
8.4.4	Cisco 800 Series Hub A Typical Hub Devices Attached to a Hub Cisco 1900 Series Switch Cisco 2600 Series Router
8.5.1	10BASE-T 100BASE-X 1000BASE-T
8.5.2	Token Ring Token Ring Operation
8.5.3	FDDI (1-2)
8.6.1	The OSI Model Sender Encapsulating Data Receiver De-encapsulating Data OSI Model Layers and Their Functions
8.6.2	What Is Protocol?
8.6.3	OSI Model versus TCP/IP Conceptual Layers TCP/IP Application Layer Overview TCP/IP Transport Layer Overview TCP/IP Network Layer Overview
8.6.4	Common IPX/SPX Protocol Elements
8.6.5	No Graphic
8.6.6	AppleTalk Protocol
8.7.1	TCP/IP Utilities
8.7.2	Ping
8.7.3	ARP Commands
8.7.4	netstat Command
8.7.5	nbtstat Command
8.7.6	Ipconfig Winipcfg Linux Ifconfig Output
8.7.7	Tracert Linux Traceroute Output
8.8.1	Serial Transfer Techniques
8.8.2	PCMCIA Modem
8.8.3	Command Modem (AT) Control Commands Modem AT Commands
8.8.4	vBNS Regional Providers NAP
8.8.5	DSL Types
8.8.6	Cable Modems
8.8.7	Advantages/Disadvantages of DSL Advantages/Disadvantages of Cable Modems

Chapter 9: Printers and Printing

9.1.1	HP LaserJet 8150dn with Accessories
9.1.2	No Graphic
9.1.3	The Color Inkjet Printer The Components of an Inkjet Printer
9.1.4	Laser Printer The Components of a Laser Printer Voltage Transitions
9.2.1	No Graphic
9.2.2	No Graphic
9.2.3	No Graphic
9.2.4	No Graphic
9.2.5	Laser Printer Inkjet Printer
9.3.1	Serial and Parallel Data Transfer Compared The Centronics Parallel Cable Connector SCSI Cable Types and Connectors USB Cable and Connectors FireWire Cable and Connectors
9.3.2	Page Description Languages
9.3.3	The Five Steps to Install a Printer Driver
9.3.4	Laser Printer Toner Units Ink-jet Printer Cartridge
9.3.5	An Inkjet Printer Media Tray and Guide
9.3.6	Guidelines for Printer Memory Installation Memory Module
9.3.7	Adding a New Printer The Add Printer Wizard Adding a Local Printer Selecting a Printer Port Completion of the Add Printer Wizard
9.3.8	Options for Printing a Test Page Printing a Test Page
9.4.1	No Graphic
9.4.2	Rules for Installing Printer Switches
9.4.3	Print Fonts
9.4.4	File and Print Sharing Properties Dialog Box
9.4.5	A Network Printer
9.4.6	Printer Service Installation Procedures
9.4.7	Printers Connected Directly to the Network The Print Server
9.4.8	Printer Network Interface Cards (NICs)
9.5.1	A Printer Queue
9.5.2	No Graphic
9.5.3	Selecting a Default Printer Windows Default Printer Set as Default Printer
9.5.4	Configuring Printer Options
9.6.1	Paper Jam
9.6.2	No Graphic
9.6.3	Stepper Motor Problems
9.6.4	No Graphic
9.6.5	No Graphic
9.6.6	No Graphic
9.6.7	No Graphic

Chapter 10: Preventive Maintenance

10.1.1	Structure
10.1.2	Technician's Toolset
10.1.3	Battery Disposal MSDS Example
10.2.1	Do's and Don'ts of Static Electricity
10.2.2	ESD Protection Devices ESD Precautions A Grounded Workbench
10.2.3	Conditions That Can Cause a Static Buildup(1-2)
10.3.1	Common Causes for Computer Failures Air Can
10.3.2	Monitor
10.3.3	Optical Mouse Mechanical Mouse
10.3.4	Keyboard
10.3.5	Printer
10.3.6	Scanner
10.4.1	Scandisk Defrag CHKDSK/f: REGEDIT
10.4.2	Virus Penetrating Computer System Virus Propagating Itself in a LAN Anti-Virus Application
10.5.1	Blackout Brownout (Power Sag) Noise Power Spike Power Surge
10.5.2	Surge Suppressors Standby Power Supplies (SPS) Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS)

Chapter 11: Troubleshooting PC Hardware

11.1.1	Troubleshooting Cycle Flowchart Drag and Drop Activity
11.1.2	Identify the Problem (Step 1)
11.1.3	Gathering Information (Step 2)
11.1.4	Developing a Solution (Step 3)
11.1.5	Implementing the Solution (Step 4)
11.1.6	Is the Problem Resolved?
11.1.7	Documenting the Solution (Step 6)
11.1.8	A Typical Toolset Important Terms for Digital Multimeters Digital Multimeter Loop-back Plug
11.1.9	Diagnostic Software
11.1.10	Power Surge Surge Suppressors Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) Brownout (Power Sag)
11.1.11	Wrist Strap Proper Grounding Techniques Antistatic Protective Bag
11.1.12	Disposal Actions
11.1.13	Materials Safety Data Sheet MSDS Example
11.2.1	Common Field Replaceable Units
11.2.2	AMI BIOS POST Errors Display Errors POST Card
11.2.3	CMOS/BIOS Related Errors CMOS Setup Utility CMOS Battery
11.2.4	Motherboard
11.2.5	CPU Cooling Components CPU Types
11.2.6	SDRAM 72-pin SIMM Module 168-pin DIMM Module Installing a SIMM Installing a DIMM
11.2.7	Signal Distortion
11.2.8	Ports
11.2.9	Female DB-15 Connections
11.2.10	HP xe2 Hard Drive
11.2.11	Volume Controls Device Manager Resource Tab Add/Remove Hardware Wizard
11.2.12	Power Supply Issues AC Entering the Power Supply
11.2.13	Proper Air Flow Air Flow Through the Computer Case
11.3.1	Keyboard Common Keyboard Errors Mouse Common Mouse Problems HP Scan Jet 4100cxi Common Scanner Problems Common Parallel Port Errors Identifying Input Devices
11.3.2	HP DeskJet 940C Common Laser Printer Problems
11.3.3	SCSI Interfaces
11.3.4	NIC Lights

Chapter 12: Troubleshooting Software

12.1.1	Role of the End User
12.1.2	Boot Process
12.1.3	No Graphic
12.2.1	Booting to a Floppy Disk Settings in CMOS Boot Disk Files FDISK Config.sys Autoexec.bat
12.2.2	Example REM Statements MS-DOS Memory Layout MS-DOS Memory Layout Activity
12.2.3	Invalid Directory Error Message
12.3.1	Insufficient Disk Space
12.3.2	Creating a Startup Disk MSCOFIG.EXE
12.3.3	Memory Error Message
12.3.4	Windows Missing/Corrupt .DLL or .VxD Files
12.3.5	System Lockup Errors
12.3.6	Troubleshooting Shutdown Problems
12.4.1	Windows 98 Minimum System Requirements
12.4.2	No Operating System Error Codes and Startup Messages
12.4.3	Windows 98 Startup Menu
12.4.4	Summary of Log Files
12.4.5	Virtual Memory Settings
12.5.1	Event Viewer Scanreg Defrag
12.5.2	System Properties
12.5.3	System Properties
12.6.1	Registry Files
12.6.2	Registry Keys (1-2)
12.6.3	Registry Editor
12.6.4	Add/Remove Programs
12.7.1	Windows NT/2000 Installation
12.7.2	Win 2000 Pro Minimum Requirements
12.7.3	Windows MT Startup Mode
12.7.4	Windows 2000 Advanced Options Menu
12.7.5	Recovery Console
12.8.1	System File Checker
12.8.2	Task Manager
12.9.1	Registry Checker
12.9.2	Using the Backup Utility
12.9.3	Backup Types
12.10.1	No Graphic
12.10.2	Printer Queue
12.10.3	No Graphic
12.11.1	Testing NIC Functionality Incorrect Drivers
12.11.2	NIC Settings
12.11.3	Network Properties
12.11.4	Client Properties
12.11.5	Bindings
12.11.6	File and Print Sharing
12.11.7	Primary Network Logon
12.11.8	Computer Name
12.11.9	PING TRACERT WINIPCFG IPCONFIG NETSTAT Network Troubleshooting Commands Trace Route Ping
12.12.1	Windows Help
12.12.2	Windows 2000 Resource Kit