Plug-and-Play
The ability to add many devices to modern computers to expand their
capabilities has become increasingly easier with the advances made in
plug-and-play technology. As the administrator becomes more familiar
with added devices and expansion cards, it becomes necessary to deal
with resource conflicts that result from so many different
non-standard devices on the market. Dealing with these issues can be a
tremendously confusing, difficult and time-consuming task. In an
attempt to resolve this ongoing problem, the Plug-and-Play
(also called PnP) specification was developed. The goal of
plug-and-play is to create a computer whose hardware and software work
together to automatically configure devices and assign resources,
while allowing for hardware changes and additions without the need for
large-scale resource assignment tweaking. As the name suggests, the
goal is to be able to just plug in a new device and immediately be
able to use it, without complicated setup procedures. The
plug-and-play concept was first introduced with the Windows 95
operating system. With the latest operating systems now being
released, the ease of plug-and-play technology has advanced a great
deal. Windows NT4.0 does not support plug-and-play. Only Windows
2000/XP, Windows 95 ORS2, Windows 98 and Windows Millennium support
this feature.
Drivers
Device drivers are programs that basically tell the operating system
how to control specific devices. They act as an interface between the
operating system and the device, which allows them to recognize and
communicate with each other. The Windows 2000/XP operating systems
come with a large driver database already installed. This makes it
easier to install many of the non-standard devices that are available.
Having this driver database already preloaded into the operating
system makes the plug-and-play capabilities of the operating system
easier as well. For example, if a device or expansion card is attached
to the computer and the OS already has the driver in its database,
then it will automatically install without the need of any further
configuration from the user. Windows 98 comes with this driver
database install as well, but the latest operating system releases
from Microsoft contain the most recent drivers as well as the updated
drivers that are needed for the new operating systems.
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